求教：下面翻译是否恰当？谢谢！
这个帖子发布于 16 年零 154 天前，其中的信息可能已发生改变或有所发展。
After a potential new drug substance is discovered and undergoes definitive chemical and physical characterization, a great deal of biological information must be gathered.
当一种潜在的新药被发现并经历了明确的化学上及物理学上的鉴定之后，还有很多生物学的信息需要收集。
The basic pharmacology,or the nature and mechanism of action of the drug on the biological system, must be determined including toxicologic features.
一种新药的基本的药理作用，或者这种药的性质和对人体的生理作用机制都需要明确，包括它的毒理学特征。
The drug's site and rate of absorption, its pattern of distribution and concentration within the body, its duration of action, and the method and rate of its elimination or excretion must be studied.
这种药(在体内)吸收的部位和速度，在体内的分布及聚集情况，作用持续时间，以及这种药在身体内清除和排泄的方式及速度,都需要进行研究。
Information of the drug's metabolic degradation and the activity of any of its metabolites must be obtained.
有关这种新药在体内的代谢降解，以及它的每一种代谢产物的活性等一切信息,都必须包括在研究之内。
A comprehensive study of the short-term and long-term effects of the drug on various body cells, tissues and organs must be made.
一个关于这种药对不同的人体细胞、组织、器官在短期及长期上的影响的综合性研究，都需要进行。
Highly specific information, such as the effect of the drug on the fetus of a pregnant animal or its ability to pass to a nursing baby through the breast milk of its mother, may be obtained.
还有一些非常特殊，需要被注意的信息，例如这种药对怀孕动物中的胎儿的影响，或者它通过哺乳传给新生动物的能力，有时候也需要进行研究。
Many a promising new drug has been abandoned because of its potential to cause excessive or hazardous adverse effects.
很多有前景的新药，由于它可能造成过多的或危险的不良反应而被迫放弃。
2.The most effective routes of administration (e.g., oral, rectal, parenteral, topical)must be determined, and guidelines for the dosages recommended for persons of varying ages (e.g., neonates, children, adults and geriatrics), weights and states of illness have to be established.
（这种药）最有效的给药途径(如经口、直肠、肠外、局部皮肤表面等)需要明确，还有对不同年龄的患者(如新生儿、儿童、成人、老人)，不同体重和不同疾病的推荐剂量都需要制定下来。
It has been said that the only difference between a drug and a poison is the dose.
有人说，药物和毒物的唯一区别就是它的剂量。
To facilitate administration of the drug by the selected routes, appropriate dosage forms, such as tablets, capsules, injections, suppositories, ointments, aerosols and others, are formulated and prepared.
为了使所选择的给药途径容易，适当的剂型，如片剂、胶囊、注射剂、栓剂、软膏、气雾剂和其它剂型，已按配方制备。（另可译为：为了方便所选择的给药途径，（我们）按配方制备了适宜的剂型，如片剂、胶囊、注射剂、栓剂、软膏、气雾剂等等。）
Each of these dosage units is designed for ease and accuracy of dosage administration.
每一单位剂量都是为了给药剂量的轻便和准确而设计。
These dosage forms are highly sophisticated delivery systems.
这些剂型都是一种高度复杂的递药系统.
Their design, development, production and use are the product of application of the pharmaceutical sciences-the blending of the basic, applied, and clinical sciences with pharmaceutical technology.
新药的设计，研制，生产及使用，都是涉及药物的多学科综合应用的结果---包括基础医学,应用医学,临床医学,以及制药工艺学.
3.Each particular pharmaceutical product is a formulation unique unto itself.每种特殊药品是公式化独特本身。
In addition to the active therapeutic ingredients, a pharmaceutical formulation contains a number of non-therapeutic or pharmaceutical ingredients.
一种新药除了有效的治疗成分外,还包括一些没治疗作用或配药的成分.
It is through their use that a formulation achieves its unique composition and characteristic physical appearance.
通过这些(辅助)成分的使用,使一张配方成为独一无二的混合物及有特别作用的医学药物.
Pharmaceutical ingredients include such material as fillers, thickeners, solvents, suspending agents,tablet coatings and disintegrants, penetration enhancers, stabilizing agents, antimicrobial preservatives, flavors, colorants and sweeteners.
配方中的成分包括作为充填剂,、浓化剂、溶剂、悬浮剂、片剂涂层和分解质、渗透改进物、稳定的代理、抗菌防腐剂、味道、染料和糖精的这样材料。
4.To ensure the stability of a drug in a formulation and the continued effectiveness of the drug product throughout its usual shelf life, the principles of chemistry, physical pharmacy, microbiology and pharmaceutical technology must be applied.
为了保证在存放期内药物的稳定性及持续有效药理作用,一些化学上,物理药学上,微生物学上,制药工艺上的原则需要被应用.
The formulation must be such that all components are physically and chemically compatible, including the active therapeutic agents, the pharmaceutical ingredients, and the packaging materials.
一张配方中的所有成分都需要在物理上及化学上相互兼容,包括有效的治疗成分,辅药成分及包装材质.
The formulation must be preserved against decomposition due to chemical degradation and protected from microbial contamination and the destructive influences of excessive heat,light,and moisture.
一张配方都对抗其因化学降解而导致的变质.以及防止它受到杂菌污染及过度的热量,光能,湿气导致的破坏性影响.
The therapeutic ingredients must be released from the dosage form in the proper quantity and in such a manner that the onset and duration of the drug's action is that which is desired.
一定剂型及数量的药物的有效治疗成分,需要在起始及持续药理作用上以我们所希望的方式释放出来.
The pharmaceutical product must lend itself to efficient administration and must possess attractive features of flavor,odor color and texture that enhance acceptance by the patient.
这种医药产品需要有效率的管理,并能拥有提高病人服药依从性的吸引力,如它的味道，气味颜色和质感等。.
.
Finally,the product must be effectively packaged and clearly and completely labeled according to legal regulations.
最后，这些产品需要有效地包装，并完全根据法律规定贴上标签。
当一种潜在的新药被发现并经历了明确的化学上及物理学上的鉴定之后，还有很多生物学的信息需要收集。
The basic pharmacology,or the nature and mechanism of action of the drug on the biological system, must be determined including toxicologic features.
一种新药的基本的药理作用，或者这种药的性质和对人体的生理作用机制都需要明确，包括它的毒理学特征。
The drug's site and rate of absorption, its pattern of distribution and concentration within the body, its duration of action, and the method and rate of its elimination or excretion must be studied.
这种药(在体内)吸收的部位和速度，在体内的分布及聚集情况，作用持续时间，以及这种药在身体内清除和排泄的方式及速度,都需要进行研究。
Information of the drug's metabolic degradation and the activity of any of its metabolites must be obtained.
有关这种新药在体内的代谢降解，以及它的每一种代谢产物的活性等一切信息,都必须包括在研究之内。
A comprehensive study of the short-term and long-term effects of the drug on various body cells, tissues and organs must be made.
一个关于这种药对不同的人体细胞、组织、器官在短期及长期上的影响的综合性研究，都需要进行。
Highly specific information, such as the effect of the drug on the fetus of a pregnant animal or its ability to pass to a nursing baby through the breast milk of its mother, may be obtained.
还有一些非常特殊，需要被注意的信息，例如这种药对怀孕动物中的胎儿的影响，或者它通过哺乳传给新生动物的能力，有时候也需要进行研究。
Many a promising new drug has been abandoned because of its potential to cause excessive or hazardous adverse effects.
很多有前景的新药，由于它可能造成过多的或危险的不良反应而被迫放弃。
2.The most effective routes of administration (e.g., oral, rectal, parenteral, topical)must be determined, and guidelines for the dosages recommended for persons of varying ages (e.g., neonates, children, adults and geriatrics), weights and states of illness have to be established.
（这种药）最有效的给药途径(如经口、直肠、肠外、局部皮肤表面等)需要明确，还有对不同年龄的患者(如新生儿、儿童、成人、老人)，不同体重和不同疾病的推荐剂量都需要制定下来。
It has been said that the only difference between a drug and a poison is the dose.
有人说，药物和毒物的唯一区别就是它的剂量。
To facilitate administration of the drug by the selected routes, appropriate dosage forms, such as tablets, capsules, injections, suppositories, ointments, aerosols and others, are formulated and prepared.
为了使所选择的给药途径容易，适当的剂型，如片剂、胶囊、注射剂、栓剂、软膏、气雾剂和其它剂型，已按配方制备。（另可译为：为了方便所选择的给药途径，（我们）按配方制备了适宜的剂型，如片剂、胶囊、注射剂、栓剂、软膏、气雾剂等等。）
Each of these dosage units is designed for ease and accuracy of dosage administration.
每一单位剂量都是为了给药剂量的轻便和准确而设计。
These dosage forms are highly sophisticated delivery systems.
这些剂型都是一种高度复杂的递药系统.
Their design, development, production and use are the product of application of the pharmaceutical sciences-the blending of the basic, applied, and clinical sciences with pharmaceutical technology.
新药的设计，研制，生产及使用，都是涉及药物的多学科综合应用的结果---包括基础医学,应用医学,临床医学,以及制药工艺学.
3.Each particular pharmaceutical product is a formulation unique unto itself.每种特殊药品是公式化独特本身。
In addition to the active therapeutic ingredients, a pharmaceutical formulation contains a number of non-therapeutic or pharmaceutical ingredients.
一种新药除了有效的治疗成分外,还包括一些没治疗作用或配药的成分.
It is through their use that a formulation achieves its unique composition and characteristic physical appearance.
通过这些(辅助)成分的使用,使一张配方成为独一无二的混合物及有特别作用的医学药物.
Pharmaceutical ingredients include such material as fillers, thickeners, solvents, suspending agents,tablet coatings and disintegrants, penetration enhancers, stabilizing agents, antimicrobial preservatives, flavors, colorants and sweeteners.
配方中的成分包括作为充填剂,、浓化剂、溶剂、悬浮剂、片剂涂层和分解质、渗透改进物、稳定的代理、抗菌防腐剂、味道、染料和糖精的这样材料。
4.To ensure the stability of a drug in a formulation and the continued effectiveness of the drug product throughout its usual shelf life, the principles of chemistry, physical pharmacy, microbiology and pharmaceutical technology must be applied.
为了保证在存放期内药物的稳定性及持续有效药理作用,一些化学上,物理药学上,微生物学上,制药工艺上的原则需要被应用.
The formulation must be such that all components are physically and chemically compatible, including the active therapeutic agents, the pharmaceutical ingredients, and the packaging materials.
一张配方中的所有成分都需要在物理上及化学上相互兼容,包括有效的治疗成分,辅药成分及包装材质.
The formulation must be preserved against decomposition due to chemical degradation and protected from microbial contamination and the destructive influences of excessive heat,light,and moisture.
一张配方都对抗其因化学降解而导致的变质.以及防止它受到杂菌污染及过度的热量,光能,湿气导致的破坏性影响.
The therapeutic ingredients must be released from the dosage form in the proper quantity and in such a manner that the onset and duration of the drug's action is that which is desired.
一定剂型及数量的药物的有效治疗成分,需要在起始及持续药理作用上以我们所希望的方式释放出来.
The pharmaceutical product must lend itself to efficient administration and must possess attractive features of flavor,odor color and texture that enhance acceptance by the patient.
这种医药产品需要有效率的管理,并能拥有提高病人服药依从性的吸引力,如它的味道，气味颜色和质感等。.
.
Finally,the product must be effectively packaged and clearly and completely labeled according to legal regulations.
最后，这些产品需要有效地包装，并完全根据法律规定贴上标签。
